It is the largest and most important political party in Venezuela. It was created after the fusion of several allied organizations or followers of the ideology of the Bolivarian leader Hugo Chávez Frías, who led the revolutionary project in that country.

It has consolidated as the main political force during the legislative elections of September 2009. After this victory it was prepared for the presidential elections of 2012, in which electoral event returned to gain its candidate, the then president of Venezuela and undisputed leader Hugo Chávez.

In March of 2013, Chavez died victim of a cancer, reason why the PSUV was forced to present again a candidate to the elections of April of that year, in which it was victorious by means of the election of the socialist Nicolás Maduro like new President of the nation.

Following the death of its founding leader, Hugo Chavez, the organization's leadership relied on its two most important figures at the time, the current Venezuelan president and Chavez's successor, Nicolás Maduro, and the president of the Venezuelan National Assembly, Diosdado Cabello. In the third Congress of the PSUV, celebrated at the end of July of 2014, Nicolás Maduro, was designated as president of the party.

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